艾伯特基金会和上海行政学院举行了为期两天的线上和线下会议,讨论中国的双循环战略及其对中国社会和经济发展以及与世界关系的影响。
2020年,中国政府颁布了“双循环”战略。其目标是用内需驱动的经济模式取代出口导向型经济模式,并实现对外国技术、中间产品和周期波动的更大独立性。
艾伯特基金会和上海行政学院就中国的双循环战略举行了两天的会议,重点讨论了该战略对中国经济、社会和经济发展以及与世界关系的影响。
这种方法的核心是承认中国可能是世界上最大的国内市场,应该利用其未开发的潜力。
中国旨在通过打破垄断、解决产能过剩和创新投资等措施来实现这一目标——提高市场整体质量,加强供给侧。
辩论中指出,除供给侧改革外,增加需求的措施也是必要的。 例如,更可靠的社会保障体系可以减少储蓄,从而增加需求和增长。
中国和德国都是国民经济体,贸易顺差显着,这是另一个讨论的话题。 正如一位德国学者所解释的那样,德国的盈余主要是由于国内需求不足。
在数字化和平台经济的背景下,专家们还讨论了这些发展对双循环战略目标的影响。 这些范围从大型平台垄断问题到将生活的主要风险外包给“个体经营者”。
此外,还讨论了生态可持续性和全球正义的方面。 一种观点认为,更多的国家或地区应该处置自己的供应链,减少过度贸易造成的温室气体排放。 作为回报,这被视为支持国家管理的产业政策的论据,在该政策中,国家战略性地组织供应链。
正如两个下午的辩论所表明的那样,双循环战略不是一个现成的总体规划,而是一项正在进行的工作,一套基本上仍有待确定的政策。 在此背景下,必须强调改革的重要性,这些改革超越简单的供给侧政策,而是解决社会和全球正义以及环境问题。 建立可靠的社会保障体系、公平的工资和良好的公共服务是实现稳定需求和社会公平的首要条件。
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