中德两国的劳动法专家和业内人士共举行了五次研讨会,讨论了平台经济的兴起对两国劳动法的影响。本文归总了研讨会的讨论结果和政策建议,详细描述了中德两国的现状,并提出了多项具体的解决方案。
平台经济在日常生活中已经司空见惯。然而,针对与平台经济相关的问题,社会公正和可持续的解决方案尚不完备。在平台经济不断扩张的时代,中国和德国都面临着社会保护的挑战。
平台经济模式已危及福利国家的许多成就。在传统雇佣关系中,雇主承担对员工的社会责任,但平台却通常把这一责任 "外包 "给员工。平台声称他们并没有雇用员工,而只是向自雇人士购买服务。所谓的自雇人士自行负责社会保障。因此,平台经济的原则推翻了"雇员 "和 "雇主 "传统的定义。 近年来,部分平台之所以能够取得快速发展,是因为大量劳动者被排除在了劳动保护和社会保障体系之外。长远来看,这将侵蚀劳动关系的可持续发展。 部分平台公司利用其市场主导地位,甚至滥用权力,单方面把不公平的工作条件强加给劳动者。 因此,加强对平台劳动者的保护是解决劳动力市场不公平竞争,遏制平台经济垄断市场、维护社会保障制度的根本出路。 本文总结了2022 年和 2023 年各方讨论的成果,是集体思想的结晶。我们希望其中的观点能够为立法机构、工会和学术界提供有价值的借鉴。 艾伯特基金会上海代表处欢迎各方提出反馈意见,并将继续就这一课题开展工作。
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Liu, Tao
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Meier, Oliver; Staack, Michael
Bormann, René; Gaffron, Philine; Kucz, Ingo
Schwemmle, Michael; Wedde, Peter
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